Pymetrozine

Pymetrozine: insecticide, pyridine

Features:
1) Common name: pymetrozine
2) Structural formula: 
3) Chemical name: 4,5-2H-6-methyl-4(3-pyridine-methano-amino)-1,2,
    4-triadiazin-3-3(2H)-one
4) Molecular formula: C10H11N5O
5) Molecular weight: 217.2
6) CAS no.: 123312-89-0

Physical and chemical properties: 
1) Appearance: colorless crystals
2) Melting point: 217oC
3) Vapor pressure: <4 x 10-3mPa (25oC)
4) KOWlogP: -0.18
5) Henry: <3.0 x 10-6Pa m3 mol-1 (calc.)
6) S.g./density: 1.36 (20oC)
7) Solubility:
a) In water: 0.29g/L (pH 6.5. 25oC)
b) In ethanol 2.25, hexane <0.001 (both in g/l. 20oC)
8) Stability: stable in air, hydrolysis DT50 4.3 h (pH 1), 25d (pH 5)

Technical specifications:
Pymetrozine 92% tech. specification:
1) Appearance: white to slightly yellow powder
2) a.i. content: >=92%
3) Insoluble matter in acetone: <=1.0%
4) Water: <=1.0%
5) PH: 6 - 9
6) Formulation types: WP; WG
7) Analysis: determination by HPLC and UV detection

Applications:
1) Action: insecticide selective against homoptera, causing them to stop feeding.
2) Uses:
    a) Control of aphids and whitefly in vegetables, potatoes, ornamentals, 
        cotton, deciduous and citrus fruit, tobacco, hops; both juvenile and adult 
        stages are susceptible. Also for control of plant hoppers in rice
    b) Application rates vary from 150g/ha on potatoes to 200 - 300g/ha on 
        ornamentals, tobacco and cotton; 10 - 30g/hl on vegetables, fruit and 
        hops

Toxicology:
1) Oral: acute oral LD50 for rats 5820mg/kg
2) Skin and eyes: acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000mg/kg. Non-irritating 
    to the skin and eyes (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser to guinea pigs.
3) Inhalation: LC50 (4h) >1800mg/m3 air
4) NOEL: (2y) for rats 3.7mg/kg b.w. daily
5) ADI: 0.03mg/kg b.w.
6) Other: non-mutagenic in 5 assay tests, including the Ames test
7) Birds: acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quails, mallard ducks >2000mg/kg.
    LC50 for bobwhite quails (8d) >5200ppm
8) Fish: LC50 (96h) for rainbow trout and common carp >100mg/L
9) Daphnia: LC50 (48h) 87mg/L
10) Algae: LC50 (72h) for scenedesmus subspicatus 47.1; LC50 (5d) for 
    selenastrum capricornutum 21.7mg/L
11) Bees: oral LD50 (48h) >117 (Lig/bee; contact LD50 (48h)>200ig/bee
12) Worms: LC50 (14d) for eisenia foetlda 1098mg/kg soil

Packaging: 
25kg/plastic woven bag or cardboard drum lined with plastic bag